India observes Rashtriya Ekta Diwas, or National Unity Day, every year on October 31. The day marks the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, independent India’s first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister. The Government of India began observing the day in 2014.
Who was Sardar Patel
Vallabhbhai Patel was born on October 31, 1875 in Nadiad, Gujarat. A lawyer by training, he became one of the leading figures of the freedom movement. He led the Kheda Satyagraha in 1918 and the Bardoli Satyagraha in 1928, after which the farmers of Bardoli gave him the title Sardar. He died on December 15, 1950. He was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1991.
The Iron Man of India
At Independence, India had more than 560 princely states. As Home Minister and Minister of States, Patel, with his secretary V P Menon, persuaded most rulers to sign the Instrument of Accession. In cases such as Junagadh and Hyderabad, firm action was taken. This work of integration is why Patel is called the Iron Man of India and why his birthday is linked with national unity. He is also remembered for his role in building the all India services, which he called the steel frame of India.
How the day is observed
- Run for Unity events are held across the country, organised by the government, schools, police and community groups.
- Government offices, schools and colleges take the Rashtriya Ekta Diwas pledge to preserve the unity, integrity and security of the nation.
- Police and paramilitary forces hold parades. A main ceremony is usually held at the Statue of Unity in Kevadia (Ekta Nagar), Gujarat.
Details of this year’s programmes are issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs and state governments.
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Statue of Unity
The Statue of Unity, a 182 metre tall statue of Sardar Patel, stands on the Sadhu Bet island near the Sardar Sarovar Dam on the Narmada river. It was inaugurated on October 31, 2018 and is the tallest statue in the world. It has a viewing gallery and has become a major tourist attraction, with the surrounding area developed as Ekta Nagar.
Sardar Patel National Unity Award
The Government of India has instituted the Sardar Patel National Unity Award, the highest civilian award in the field of contribution to the unity and integrity of India. The award is announced on Rashtriya Ekta Diwas when conferred.
Why the day matters
India is a country of many languages, religions and cultures. Rashtriya Ekta Diwas is a reminder that the country’s strength lies in this unity in diversity, and of Patel’s work to bring the nation together after Independence.
Bottom line
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas honours Sardar Patel’s role in uniting India. Taking part in a Run for Unity or the pledge is a simple way to mark the day.
Source / स्रोत: Ministry of Home Affairs, Statue of Unity, Press Information Bureau
