The marathon is a long distance road race of 42.195 kilometres. It is one of the most famous events in athletics and draws lakhs of amateur runners every year, including in Indian cities. Here is its story and some tips.
The legend
The marathon is named after the Greek town of Marathon. According to legend, a messenger named Pheidippides ran from Marathon to Athens to announce a Greek victory over the Persians in 490 BC and then collapsed. Historians debate the details, but the story inspired the race.
Why 42.195 km
- The first modern Olympic marathon, at the 1896 Athens Games, was about 40 km.
- At the 1908 London Olympics, the course was set at 42.195 km, reportedly so that it could start at Windsor Castle and finish in front of the royal box at the stadium.
- In 1921, the international athletics body officially fixed 42.195 km as the standard marathon distance.
World records
World Athletics ratifies marathon records. Kenya’s Kelvin Kiptum set the men’s world record of 2:00:35 at the Chicago Marathon in 2023. Check the World Athletics website for the latest ratified records in both men’s and women’s events.
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Formats
- Full marathon: 42.195 km.
- Half marathon: 21.0975 km, usually written as 21.1 km.
- 10 km and 5 km races are often held alongside marathons for beginners.
- Ultramarathons are longer than 42.195 km.
Marathons in India
Major events like the Mumbai Marathon in January, along with races in Delhi, Bengaluru, Hyderabad and other cities, attract elite international runners and thousands of amateurs. The Athletics Federation of India governs road running.
Tips for first time runners
- Start with shorter races, such as 5 km and 10 km, before attempting a half or full marathon.
- Follow a training plan over several months, increasing distance gradually.
- Include rest days and strength training to prevent injuries.
- Invest in good running shoes suited to your feet.
- Practise drinking water and eating energy foods during long runs.
- Get a medical check up before starting, especially if you have heart problems, diabetes or high blood pressure, or are above 40.
On race day
- Do not try new shoes, clothes or foods.
- Start at a comfortable pace.
- Drink at water stations, but do not overdrink.
- Stop and seek medical help if you feel chest pain, dizziness or severe breathlessness.
Fit India
The Fit India Movement of the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports encourages walking, running and other activities. Fit India Freedom Runs have been held across the country.
Bottom line
The marathon’s 42.195 km distance has a story going back to ancient Greece and the 1908 Olympics. Prepare patiently, train sensibly and listen to your body.
Source / स्रोत: World Athletics, Athletics Federation of India, Fit India Movement
