Every year on 14 November, India celebrates Children’s Day, also known as Bal Diwas. Schools hold cultural programmes, games and special events, and the day is used to talk about children’s rights and well being. Here is the story behind it.
Why 14 November
Children’s Day is marked on the birth anniversary of Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s first Prime Minister, who was born on 14 November 1889 in Allahabad, now Prayagraj. Nehru was known for his affection for children, who fondly called him Chacha Nehru. He believed children were the future of the nation and stressed education and scientific thinking.
A change of date
Before 1964, India observed Children’s Day on 20 November, along with the Universal Children’s Day of the United Nations. After Nehru’s death in May 1964, it was decided to celebrate Children’s Day in India on his birthday. Since then, 14 November has been Bal Diwas.
World Children’s Day
The United Nations observes World Children’s Day on 20 November. It marks the dates when the UN adopted the Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1959 and the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989. India ratified the convention in 1992.
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How the day is celebrated
- Schools hold cultural shows, quizzes, drawing and sports events.
- Teachers often perform for students.
- Children’s films and programmes are screened.
- Awareness drives on child health, education and safety are held.
Key laws that protect children
- Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (RTE): free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14 years.
- Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012: a special law against sexual abuse of children.
- Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015: care, protection and adoption of children in need.
- Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act: bans employment of children below 14 years in all occupations, with limited family exceptions.
- Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006.
Bodies that protect child rights
- The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) and state commissions monitor child rights.
- Child Welfare Committees in districts look after children in need of care.
Helpline
Childline 1098 is a free, round the clock emergency helpline for children in distress. It is now linked with the national emergency number 112.
What parents and teachers can do
- Listen to children and encourage them to speak up.
- Teach them about safe and unsafe touch.
- Encourage play, reading and outdoor activity.
- Limit screen time and watch for online risks.
Bottom line
Children’s Day on 14 November honours Nehru’s love for children and reminds the nation of its duty to protect every child’s right to education, safety and a happy childhood.
Source / स्रोत: Ministry of Women and Child Development, National Commission for Protection of Child Rights, Ministry of Education
